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Wednesday, April 28, 2021

Maryland Fishing Report – April 28 - maryland.gov

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Photo of boy holding largemouth bass

Sulley and Oli Francis went fishing with their dad at Loch Raven Reservoir recently and each caught their largest largemouth bass to date – pictured is Sulley with his catch. Photo by Steve Francis

This promises to be an exciting week for fishing, no matter what species of fish you hope to catch. The trout stocking program is finishing up an intensive stocking program this week, warm summer-like temperatures beckon all to the outdoors, and the trophy striped bass season begins in portions of the Chesapeake Bay May 1. 

Starting Saturday, the Chesapeake Bay from Brewerton Channel to the Virginia state line, excluding all bays, sounds, tributaries, creeks and rivers, except Tangier Sound and Pocomoke Sound, opens up to striped bass fishing for fish 35 inches or larger, with a one fish per person per day creel limit. 

Please join us on April 29 at noon for a Maryland Fishing Roundtable webinar with guest biologist Jim Thompson of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources fish passage program. We will discuss the efforts to encourage anadromous fish populations to reach their spawning grounds via fish ladders and dam removals. Details for joining the webinar are on the department’s online calendar.

DNR has recognized a new state record fallfish that was caught by 13-year-old angler Maxwell Diegel in Harford County. More information about this great catch is available on the department’s website.  


Forecast Summary: April 28 – May 4:

Warm and windy conditions for the upcoming week will continue the warming of bay waters for gamefish spawning now in Maryland lower salinity waters. Bay surface water temperatures are approaching the upper 50s, although smaller streams and downwind areas will warm faster on a sunny day and can hold temperatures in the upper 50s up to the high 60s. In addition, the main bay still has slightly warmer bottom waters, so anglers may want to scan these areas for other gamefish. 

Expect average flows for most Maryland rivers and streams. There will be above average tidal currents Friday through Tuesday as a result of the recent full moon April 27. Expect average clarity for the bay and rivers, however expect poorer water clarity due to algal blooms in the lower Potomac River between Colonial Beach and Piney Point, the Patuxent River, and Back River. To see the latest water clarity conditions, check Eyes on the Bay Satellite Maps.

For more detailed and up-to-date fishing conditions in your area of the bay, continue to check out Click Before You Cast. Get regular updates on Maryland’s waters sent to your inbox with our Eyes on the Bay newsletter. Sign up online.


Upper Chesapeake Bay

In the lower Susquehanna River, anglers are now enjoying good catch-and-release fishing for hickory shad at both Octoraro and Deer creeks. There have been low flows from the Conowingo Dam which helps produce warmer water temperatures in the lower Susquehanna River. With air temperatures in the 80s and sunny weather, conditions should be ideal for a large spawning run of hickory shad up Deer Creek. Anglers fishing with spinning gear will be casting shad darts or a small flashy spoon rigged in tandem with a dart. Colorful flies will be popular with those using fly fishing equipment.

White perch are moving into the lower Susquehanna River and providing plenty of fun fishing for those using light tackle. Shad darts and small jigs tipped with grass shrimp or a piece of bloodworm will work well, as will a bottom rig baited with pieces of bloodworm. Smaller white perch also make excellent fresh-cut bait for flathead and blue catfish. The other tidal rivers within the upper bay region are seeing white perch moving into their typical summer habitats in the lower sections of the rivers. 

Photo of man holding large blue catfish

John Horgan caught this 18-pound blue catfish near Port Deposit recently. Photo by John Horgan

Fishing for flathead catfish in the Conowingo Dam pool continues to be good with some rather large ones being caught on fresh-cut bait. There have been quite a few large northern snakeheads also being caught on white or pearl paddle tails. Blue catfish are being caught in good to excellent numbers in the lower Susquehanna and surrounding areas down past Havre de Grace. 

May 1 is the day all bay anglers have been waiting for, as trophy-size striped bass season begins. Bay conditions look good and the weather looks favorable. Upper bay anglers must fish below the Brewerton Channel if they wish to keep a striped bass that measures longer than 35 inches. Above the Brewerton Channel is open to catch-and-release to the line drawn from Sandy Point to Turkey Point. All fishing for striped bass is prohibited above this line at this time; check the Department of Natural Resources online striped bass map page for reference. Also a reminder that circle hooks are required for any anglers that are using bait such as chunked menhaden or bloodworms for striped bass this spring. 

Most large striped bass will be found close to the surface in the early morning hours until boat traffic drives them deeper. Planer boards will be an important asset to deploy lines away from the noise of the boat and keep them relatively close to the surface. Large parachutes and bucktails dressed with large sassy shads tend to be the most popular baits, usually in white and chartreuse. Most anglers will also deploy lines in deeper water, pulling baits either in tandem or behind umbrella rigs. The steep channel edges will be good places to troll, with Podickory Point a popular location.


Middle Bay

In the middle bay, trolling for trophy-sized striped bass will be the major focus of anglers starting May 1 with the opening of the trophy striped bass season. As a reminder the minimum size is 35 inches with a limit of one fish per day per angler. The main stem of the bay will be open, but the tidal rivers will still be closed to fishing. There was a striped bass spawn in the Choptank River the past couple weeks, so those post-spawn striped bass should be exiting the river and will be found along the shipping channel edges. The False Channel edges, the steep edge at the CP Buoy, and the shipping channel edges north to the Bay Bridge are traditional locations to troll. The steep channel edge at Bloody Point will be a busy location for those trolling, as will Thomas Point and the western edge of the shipping channel in front of Breezy Point and Chesapeake Beach.

Trolling is most commonly done using large bucktails and parachutes dressed with sassy shads in white and chartreuse in tandem off of planer boards or flat lines. Probing the depths with weighted lines will be in order so that all levels of water depth can be covered. Typically the large striped bass will be found relatively close to the surface early in the morning until boat traffic drives them deeper. 

Photo of woman holding large catfish

This chunky blue catfish showed up at the Kent Narrows and into the hands of Melissa Blair. Photo by Tristan Bapst

Fishing for blue catfish and channel catfish will offer plenty of fun for those fishing in the tidal rivers. Anglers are catching blue catfish in the Choptank River from the Dover Bridge area north to Denton. The Choptank River and the western shore rivers also offer channel catfish in good abundance. White perch, gizzard shad, and menhaden are excellent for fresh-cut bait. 

White perch have moved to the lower sections of the region’s tidal rivers and can be found near deep water docks and piers, and the Bill Burton Fishing Pier. Fishing with bottom rigs baited with grass shrimp or pieces of bloodworm are a popular way to fish in deeper waters. The morning and evening hours offer some fun light-tackle action for those casting small spinners, beetle spins, spinnerbaits, and plastic jigs near submerged rocks, fallen treetops, docks, bulkheads, and prominent points. 

Fishing for northern snakeheads should kick into high gear this week with temperatures soaring into the 80s for a couple days. Last week’s cold weather tended to put the skids on fishing success but happy days are ahead. The tidal rivers and creeks of lower Dorchester County are the best places to fish for snakeheads in the middle bay, although they have a habit of showing up unannounced in the creeks and rivers of the western shore. White and pearl paddle tails tend to be the most popular lure now. With warmer water temperatures and expanding grass beds, chatterbaits will start to come into their own.


Lower Bay

The edges of the shipping channel will be a busy place May 1 as boats loaded with hopeful anglers try to intercept post-spawn striped bass that are moving out of the Choptank, Nanticoke, Patuxent, and Potomac rivers. The western side of the shipping channel from Breezy Point to Cove Point will be a popular place to troll, as will Point Lookout and Smith Point. The Potomac River will be open for striped bass fishing below the Route 301 Bridge, with a 35-inch minimum and limit of one fish per day. On the eastern side of the bay, the channel edge in front of Hooper Island and the HS Buoy are good places to troll.

Fishing for blue catfish is excellent in the Potomac River near Fort Washington, the Patuxent River from Benedict to the Jug Bay area, and in the Nanticoke from the mouth of Marshyhope Creek to above the Sharptown area. There are plenty of medium-sized blue cats, which make great table fare, along the channel edges, and large ones can be found in the deeper parts of the channels. Fresh-cut bait of gizzard shad, white perch or menhaden make the best baits. In most areas channel catfish will be part of the mix and can be also found in every tidal river and creek throughout the lower bay. 

White perch have moved into the lower sections of the region’s tidal rivers and can be found in most of their typical summer habitats. Docks and piers over deeper waters are great places to fish for them with grass shrimp or pieces of bloodworm on bottom rigs or small jigs. Working shoreline structure is another fun way to fish for them with light tackle and small spinners and jigs. Large dock areas, bulkheads, jetty rocks, and any kind of submerged structure are great places to fish in the morning and evening hours.

Photo of hickory shad

Eric Packard caught and released this fine looking hickory shad near Indian Head on the Potomac River. Photo by Eric Packard

The hickory shad and American shad can still be found within District of Columbia waters in the tidal Potomac this week. The area around Fletcher’s Landing tends to be the epicenter of this fun catch-and release fishery. Shad darts, small spoons, and colorful flies are the ticket to this show when worked in a sweeping motion close to the bottom. 

Fishing for crappie in the tidal Potomac near the Wilson Bridge and the nearby marinas has been excellent. Those fishing with spider-type fishing arrays are catching large stringers of crappie, and there is no creel limit for crappie in tidal waters. Slowly working the spoil area on the Maryland side of the bridge and the marina docks with small minnows under a bobber has been a very efficient way to catch them.

This week’s warm weather is sure to spur northern snakeheads into aggressive feeding activity. The edges of the Potomac and all of the tributary creeks are excellent places to fish for snakeheads. Casting white or pearl paddle tails has been the mainstay for the past month, but with warming water temperatures and grass beds becoming established, chatterbaits may be a good lure to start using. Large minnows under a bobber with a large circle hook is always a tasty treat to a marauding snakehead, especially in the more open water areas. The Patuxent River along with the Nanticoke, Wicomico, and Pocomoke rivers on the Eastern Shore all have expanding populations of northern snakeheads. 

Are you planning to be on the Potomac River around the Nice-Middleton Bridge Project? For safety, a new 6-knot speed limit is now being enforced for 0.5 nautical miles north and south of the bridge. 


Freshwater Fishing
Photo of man holding large rainbow trout

Greg Dorworth is all smiles with this large 21.5-inch rainbow trout he caught recently in Great Seneca Creek. Photo courtesy of Greg Dorworth

This is a big week for put-and-take trout anglers as intensive trout stocking wraps up on April 30. It has been a tough year to complete trout stockings due to COVID-19 restrictions, and the employees of the hatcheries and stocking program appreciate everyone’s patience and understanding during these difficult times. To see what trout waters near you that have been stocked this week be sure to check out the trout stocking page on our website. 

Fishing at Deep Creek Lake is beginning to evolve as waters warm up. Largemouth bass are in an aggressive pre-spawn feeding phase and can be found near the numerous floating docks, fallen treetops, and transition areas near the backs of the shallower cove areas. Smallmouth bass are very active and can be found along rocky points and submerged structure. Soft plastic craw jigs tend to be at the top of the list for enticing both species but spinnerbaits, small crankbaits and jerkbaits can work well also. Drifting minnows down deep along the edges of deep grass is a great way to find large yellow perch and a mix of smallmouth bass and walleye. Trout can be found on humps and along the dam face, and crappie are sticking close to the bridge piers. 

In many areas of Maryland, largemouth bass are now on their spawning beds. Largemouth bass will also be encountered in transition areas near the shallow areas where they spawn. Grass beds are filling out and creating much needed cover for the largemouth bass and small baitfish and crayfish. 

The Maryland Department of Natural resources has partnered with Virginia and Washington D.C. and have tagged more than 300 adult largemouth bass to help monitor the population from the tidal Potomac River.  Anglers can report tagged bass by calling 1-800-376-2925, or by email to basstag@dwr.virginia.gov, or by mobile survey to the department’s Volunteer Angler Survey.

Crappie fishing is about as good as it gets this time of the year — they provide a lot of fun fishing as well as excellent table fare. Fishing with small minnows under a slip bobber is the time proven way to catch them, but using marabou jigs under a bobber can work. There are some small suspended jerkbaits on the market that are only 1.5 inches long and work well when crappie are in an aggressive pre-spawn phase. 


Atlantic Ocean and Coastal Bays

This is a great week to enjoy some sunny and warm weather on the beaches of Ocean City and Assateague Island and catch some fish while you’re at it. Surfcasters are catching some nice eating-size black drum on clams and sand fleas. Clear-nose skates are always part of the mix but there are also a few sub-legal striped bass being caught and released. A reminder that circle hooks are required when bait fishing for striped bass in the surf, ocean, and coastal bays. 

At the Ocean City Inlet and Route 50 Bridge area, tautog are being caught on sand fleas and pieces of green crab. The throwback ratio tends to be high, but catching fish over 16 inches is possible. Flounder are moving through the inlet and can be caught from shore or small boats. Casting white Gulp shrimp and walking them along the bottom has been a favorite tactic of those fishing from shore.

Photo of man holding tautog

Photo by Monty Hawkins

The Thorofare Channel and East Channel have been popular spots to fish for flounder this week. The standard minnow-squid combination is working well but using larger baits such as soft plastic Gulp baits can help weed through the smaller flounder. There is little boat traffic this time of the year compared to the summer months so drifting for flounder in the channels is a bit more peaceful and safe. There is some catch-and-release action with sub-legal striped bass in the inlet and also the Route 90 Bridge and the Verrazano Bridge. 

Outside of the inlet, the boats headed out to the offshore wreck and reef sites are finding tautog in good numbers. Those venturing a bit farther and deeper are finding some rather large tautog. Pieces of crab tend to be the preferred baits. 


“Unencumbered by the knowledge that women didn’t fish, it was obvious to me, at age five or six, that it was better to be the fisherman than the rower.” — Joan Wulff


Maryland Fishing Report is written and compiled by Keith Lockwood, Maryland Department of Natural Resources fisheries biologist. 

Click Before You Cast is written by Tidewater Ecosystem Assessment Director Tom Parham.

This report is now available on your Amazon Echo device — just ask Alexa to “open Maryland Fishing Report.” 

The Link Lonk


April 29, 2021 at 02:29AM
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Maryland Fishing Report – April 28 - maryland.gov

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Fish

Woman swallows fish bone, it migrates into her neck - Livescience.com

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When a woman in Malaysia accidentally swallowed a fish bone, it soon became a pain in the neck — the bone poked through her throat and became embedded in her neck muscles, according to a new report of the case.

The 54-year-old woman was eating a meal of grilled wolf herring when she experienced "excruciating pain over the throat" along with the sensation that something was stuck there, according to the report, published April 15 in The Journal of Emergency Medicine. She tried to make herself vomit to dislodge the object, but that only made things worse — she began to have difficulty breathing and noticed that her neck was swollen, the report said.

She went to the emergency room, where doctors palpated her neck. They noticed a crackling or popping sound called crepitus, which can occur when air bubbles get into the tissue layer under the skin.

Related: 11 weird things people have swallowed

At first, doctors couldn't find the fish bone. They couldn't see it when they visually examined  her throat, and it didn't show up on an X-ray. But a CT scan revealed a 2-inch (5.1 centimeters) bone embedded in a large neck muscle known as the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the report said. (Certain types of fish bones show up more easily on X-rays, depending on how much radiation they absorb. Bones from salmon, herring and skate fish let more radiation pass through and so don't show up as well on X-rays, the authors said.) 

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It's fairly common for emergency room doctors to see patients who swallow fish bones, but usually the bones get stuck in the upper throat and can be easily removed, according to the authors, from Hospital Selayang in Malaysia. Embedded fish bones like the one in this woman's case are uncommon, the authors said. They suspect that rigorous tongue and neck movement helped propel the bone through the lining of her throat, and it then migrated into her neck muscle. As for the woman's crepitus, forceful vomiting can also cause tiny air sacs in the lung to rupture, and the released air can travel along blood vessels into the neck, resulting in air trapped under the skin, also known as subcutaneous emphysema, the authors said.

The woman needed surgery to remove the bone, and she received antibiotics to prevent an infection. After five days in hospital, her symptoms, including her subcutaneous emphysema, had completely gone away, and she was able to go home.

Originally published on Live Science. 

The Link Lonk


April 29, 2021 at 01:35AM
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Woman swallows fish bone, it migrates into her neck - Livescience.com

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Fish

CSUF study on how fish mate reels in new insight - OCRegister

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Kristy Forsgren, associate professor of biological sciences at Cal State Fullerton, admitted there are times when she and her students or colleagues get strange or confused looks from people who overhear snippets of their conversation.

“People will say, ‘Did you just say fish penis?’” Forsgren said, with a laugh.

Genitalia, gonads, sperm and so forth are just part of the daily vocabulary of biologists, such as Forsgren, with a special interest in reproduction.

Third-year graduate student Justin Stuart, 34, has similar memories from when he and coworkers would eat at the Ensenada Surf and Turf restaurant near the biology lab at Cal State Fullerton.

“We’d be chatting about our research,” he said of marine science.

They might speak of sperm packages or anal structures.

“There would definitely be looks,” Stuart said of the unusual mealtime discussions. “It would seem like we were a bunch of weirdos.”

One of the early hurdles in teaching reproductive biology can be to get past the snickering or blushing of students. After that is cleared, Forsgren said, students can settle into understanding, “Oh, this is just like any field of science.”

That’s how it worked for Shereen Lam, 23, a MARC (Maximizing Access to Research Careers) scholar, who knew she wanted to study reproduction and stumbled into Forsgren’s lab. There she learned about the fascinating world of fish and their furtive flirtations.

Forsgren, 48, has been a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences for 18 years Although her teaching load contains courses on the physiology of mammals and comparative physiologies, Forsgren is happiest when she’s swimming with the fishes — in research, that is.

Recently her research interests have led to surfperches, among the few fish species that are viviparous, meaning they give live birth, rather than laying eggs. According to the Scientific Electronic Library Online, only 500 of more than 25,000 species produce by live birth. And half those are freshwater. A mother perch, depending on species, can give birth to between a half-dozen to many multiples of that.

Found mostly in the Pacific Ocean, with more than 20 known species, surfperches are a popular catch for shoreline and pier fishermen. However, beyond how to prepare them for the plate, little is understood or studied about the fish.

The team at CSUF has been a leader in identifying and discovering some of the 23 known species. They are generally oval-shaped, between 5 and 18 inches and gray or brownish. They are not a particularly “sexy” sea creature, according to Forsgren. (There’s that word again.)

However, they are endlessly fascinating to Forsgren, partially, perhaps, because of how little is known about them.

“It’s a humble family,” said Stuart, “with an incredible story.”

Lam, who recently defended her undergraduate dissertation on female surfperch, said she found little modern and reliable data and literature since the 1980s.

She said CSUF is “pioneering” much of the study of surfperches but admitted, “It gets overwhelming at times.”

One of Forsgren’s recent presentations was online to the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Coincidentally, it came out just in time for Valentine’s Day and was entitled “Fish Reproduction: Gonads, Genitals and Accessory.”

Forsgren said there are many reasons why reproduction in surfperches remains a mystery. Because they are widespread across the Pacific, the fish are not easy to track and marine aquariums are rare and hard to maintain.

Stuart said surfperch may reproduce in caves and other hidden areas.

Then there was a scientific version of a “Whoomp! (There It Is)” video caught by CSUF graduate student Evelyn Bond.

She was at the Academy of Sciences Steinhardt Aquarium in San Francisco.

Bond, who has earned national recognition for her study of external reproductive structures of surfperch, started videoing a presumably male surfperch doing what looked like a typical kind of preening, premating ritual.

Then, whoomp, in a snap the male tapped the back of the female and was gone.

During her presentation, Forsgren circled the fish on the video and when the believed copulation took place.

Forsgren said the video may be the first to capture the “moment.”

Forsgren’s interest in fish started in Idaho with her father, who was an avid fisherman.

“I used to tell people I got into marine biology so I could be on the ocean fishing every day,” she said.

Although she is now mostly lab-bound, Forsgren said, “I’m still exposed every day and it’s really important. I’m teaching students in the lab and the classroom, and I like both.”

And it makes for endlessly entertaining dinner conversation.

“If you can imagine any kind of crazy reproductive strategies,” she said, “you are going to find them in fishes.”

The Link Lonk


April 28, 2021 at 11:11PM
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CSUF study on how fish mate reels in new insight - OCRegister

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Fish

Crispy fish and mashed potato cakes are a fresh take on a thrifty throwback - The Washington Post

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When the cakes are chilled, prepare a towel-lined platter and set it next to the stove. In a large skillet over high heat, heat 2 to 3 tablespoons of oil until shimmering. Add the fish cakes, but do not crowd them. (If cakes are too soft to lift from the sheet pan with your hands, use a thin metal spatula to gently transport them into the skillet.) Fry the cakes, undisturbed, until crisped and browned, about 4 minutes per side. If cakes lose a bit of shape when flipped, gently nudge them back together with your spatula. Transfer to the prepared plate and repeat with the remaining cakes, adding more oil as needed.

The Link Lonk


April 29, 2021 at 01:00AM
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Crispy fish and mashed potato cakes are a fresh take on a thrifty throwback - The Washington Post

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Fish

Fishing season expands to more fish Saturday | News, Sports, Jobs - The Adirondack Daily Enterprise

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This northern pike was caught last June in the Raquette River near Tupper Lake. (Enterprise photo — Peter Crowley)

ALBANY — Fishing season for cool-water species such as walleye, northern pike, pickerel and tiger muskellunge begins on Saturday, May 1.

Trout and salmon season opened April 1. some fish may be caught year-round, such as yellow perch, crappie and sunfish.

Spring is one of the best times to target northern pike, according to the state Department of Environmental Conservation. The DEC says these fish move into shallow tributaries, bays and wetlands in early spring to spawn, typically just after ice-out. After spawning, northern pike tend to stay near these shallow areas and feed aggressively before returning to deeper areas for the summer.

The DEC said anglers can find high-quality pike fishing opportunities in cool-water lakes in the Adirondacks such as Tupper Lake, the Saranac chain, Cranberry Lake and Great Sacandaga Lake. The DEC also considers the St. Lawrence River, Seneca Lake and Conesus Lake top pike fishing locations.

The DEC reminds anglers that the fishing season for muskellunge opens the last Saturday in May.

DEC’s streamlined fishing regulations guide, which includes a summary of the laws and regulations anglers need to know before hitting the water, will soon be available at license issuing agents statewide and online to download and print.

New York state is reminding anglers that when fishing during the COVID-19 pandemic, socially distance; mask up when you cannot maintain social distancing, especially in parking lots and along footpaths; avoid sharing gear when possible; respect fellow anglers and the resource by providing space and practicing ethical angling; and take out what you bring in or place trash in receptacles.

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The Link Lonk


April 28, 2021 at 11:16AM
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Fishing season expands to more fish Saturday | News, Sports, Jobs - The Adirondack Daily Enterprise

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Fish

Tuesday, April 27, 2021

Fishing in African waters: New study utilizes satellite data to track industrial fishing activities in coastal African waters - Science Daily

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African waters have been contributing to the global supply of fish for years, with three of the four most productive marine ecosystems in the world near the continent. African countries' Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) contributed over 6 million metric tons of fish to the world's food supply, supporting food security and livelihood in the continent, while generating $15 billion to the African gross domestic product in 2011. Every sovereign state has an EEZ, an area of ocean adjacent to their shores in which they have special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources.

Industrial fleets from countries around the world have been increasingly fishing in African waters, but with climate change and increasing pollution threatening Africa's fish stocks, there is a growing concern of the sustainability of these marine fisheries if they continue to be exploited by foreign countries.

A new study used Automatic Identification System (AIS) satellite data from Global Fishing Watch to describe and characterize the spatial characteristics of African and foreign industrial fishing activities within these African EEZs. Mi-Ling Li, assistant professor in the University of Delaware's School of Marine Science and Policy in the College of Earth, Ocean and Environment (CEOE), served as the lead author on the paper, which was published in the Fish and Fisheries scientific journal.

Industrialized foreign fishing

Countries in Africa have a short-term economic incentive to grant foreign countries access to fish in their waters. Those foreign countries have to make direct payments to acquire permits to fish in a country's EEZ.

"There has been controversy over foreign fishing in African waters, but there hasn't been a quantitative assessment of how they act," said Li. "It's difficult because a lot of the African countries do not have good surveillance of their fisheries."

The study described spatial and temporal characteristics for both African and foreign industrial fishing activities -- examining boats that were large enough to carry AIS trackers.

"African fisheries desperately need better information and data for management," said David Kroodsma, Director of Research and Innovation at the Global Fishing Watch and a co-author of the paper. "It is exciting to be able to use vessel GPS data to help solve this challenge and reveal fishing activity across the continent."

The paper highlights where and how long the boats spent most of their time and what fish they reported catching in those locations.

The EEZs fished by a large number of countries were generally located in West Africa, with the EEZs of Western Sahara and Mauritania fished by the highest number of foreign countries.

The resources of specific fish stocks could determine where vessels would fish. Vessels from Japan, for instance, spent most of their time fishing in eastern Africa for tuna, with an estimated 75% of total reported Japanese catches coming from the waters of Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, and Seychelle.

"This paper shows that fisheries and their management in Africa are globally interconnected, highlighting the need for international cooperation to address the challenges that fisheries in the continent are facing," said William Cheung, professor at the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries at the University of British Columbia who is a co-author of the study. "We demonstrate the importance of having accessible data, including those from new technology, to generate knowledge that is necessary to address these challenges."

One puzzle piece

While the AIS data can show where and how long the vessels were fishing, there is a reliance on the reporting data from the vessels themselves to confirm what they are catching. Sometimes, the data does not always correlate, pointing to the possibility of illegal, unreported or unregulated (IUU) fishing.

The study used Namibia, an African country in that region, as a case study.

Unlike some other African countries, Namibia requires fleets in their EEZ to land their catches in their domestic ports. Not all fishing fleets followed that regulation, however. While 20 fishing entities were identified by AIS as being in Namibian waters, not all of the vessels recorded having caught fish in those waters.

"Namibia has a relatively good surveillance system, and they require every fleet who fishes there to land in their docks," said Li. "But even with those regulations, we find a big discrepancy in who reported fishing and catch there and who we detected by AIS. This is a big issue with regards to illegal fishing in African waters."

The authors said the AIS system can be utilized to help detect and characterize unreported activities in these EEZs, which can help with the response to IUU fishing.

The Link Lonk


April 28, 2021 at 07:06AM
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Fishing in African waters: New study utilizes satellite data to track industrial fishing activities in coastal African waters - Science Daily

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Fish

A singing fish: it glows green during courtship and looks like Boris Johnson’s hardship face - The Guardian

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If, at midnight, you stick your oar into the water of the lagoon near Kallady Bridge in Batticaloa, on Sri Lanka’s east coast, you might hear fish sing. It sounds, according to Prince Casinader, who was a former local MP moonlighting as a journalist, “like a man idly playing on the keys of a piano. Bass notes and treble notes. Or like someone rubbing a finger around the rim of a wet wine glass.”

For a while, people were uncertain about whether the fish really existed. In a 2017 Trip Advisor review of singing fish tours organised by a local hotel, the tourist writes, “The Sound was there and we listened by placing the ear-end of the Oar … in water. And in one spot we heard it even without listening through the oars. It was an amazing experience.” The hotel’s owner responds: “Even though a lot of people know Batticaloa as the ‘Land of the Singing Fish’ most of them including locals think it is a legend and no truth to it. I heard it first when I was around 12 almost 30 years ago and after the long disruption due to the civil war people forgot about it and it slipped into distant memory.”

A few years earlier, a group of citizen scientists who call themselves the Science Navigators, set out to see if they could record the fish – they had found musical notation of a recording of the fish taken in the 1950s and since lost, so the fish were surely real. They dropped a waterproof microphone into the lagoon and there it was: deep whomps and reedy notes. Like frogs, but less croaky. You can listen from the bridge, too, if you press your ears against its iron pillars.

In an interview for a documentary about the fish, one of the Science Navigators, cardiologist Arulnithy Kanagasingam, says, “I have no knowledge of music. So what I can hear is a good sound, it’s not a disturbing sound.” He says that they have seen references to similar singing in California.

There, according to the Christian Science Monitor, houseboat residents heard the sound and thought that it was produced by navy experiments or aliens. Fortunately, it was “plainfin midshipman”, a species of toadfish that glows green during courtship and looks like Boris Johnson’s hardship face. The fish produce the sound by “vibrating a gas-filled bladder within the abdomen”.

In 2014, scientists discovered that fish, like people, raise their voices when their environment gets noisier. In other words, as Emily Anthes writes in one of my favourite science articles of all time, they shout. The scientists were investigating the effects of the noises humans have introduced to water – ferries, cargo ships, sonar and drilling – on the creatures that live there. In order to test how fish were adapting to the brouhaha, an ecologist and her doctoral student placed blacktail shiners, a type of minnow, into a tank. The male shiners are known to growl. When white noise was played in the tank, the fish, instead of moving closer, growled more loudly.

I thought about shouting fish and singing fish recently while watching an opera – La Traviata – performed on the water in Sydney harbour. My husband and I had bought tickets using the government vouchers given to the good people of the state of New South Wales to encourage us to “Dine and Discover” in the name of post-pandemic recovery. The opera had offered to double the value of the vouchers (give a man $25 and he will watch a simple movie. Teach a man to double his voucher money etc etc). Speaking of post-pandemic recovery, scientists (and fish) are hoping the economic devastation has left the seas quieter.

The singers performed on a tilted square-shaped stage, like a large paper napkin suspended on the water, over which hung a giant chandelier. They sang of “love, the pulse of the whole world” and “cruel fate” as the moon moved from stage left to stage right and bats squeaked and chirped – more loudly than usual, I suspect – in the giant fig trees overhead.

The Nature of … ” is a column by Helen Sullivan dedicated to interesting animals, insects, plants and natural phenomena. Is there an intriguing creature or particularly lively plant you think would delight our readers? Let us know on Twitter @helenrsullivan or via email: helen.sullivan@theguardian.com

The Link Lonk


April 28, 2021 at 05:11AM
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A singing fish: it glows green during courtship and looks like Boris Johnson’s hardship face - The Guardian

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